The Oude Kerk was founded as St. Bartholomew's Church in the year 1246, on the site of previous churches dating back up to two centuries earlier.
Painter Johannes Vermeer is buried here (1675).
Scientist Anton van Leeuwenhoek is also buried here (1723). He is commonly known as "the Father of Microbiology", and considered to be the first microbiologist. He is best known for his work on the improvement of the microscope and for his contributions towards the establishment of microbiology.